Beyond the Dance: a Look at Mbende (Jerusarema) Traditional Dance in Zimbabwe

Traditional dance occupies a pivotal place in the economic, political and socio-cultural system in African traditional society. This role survives to the present day manifested in several performances that have stood the test of time and alien influences. Despite the onslaught of colonialism, Christianity and westernization, traditional dances have survived to this day, albeit with modifications. Mbende / Jerusarema in Zimbabwe is one dance that has withstood the test of time and western influence. It is an important cultural expression which in 2005 was listed on the UNESCO Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible heritage of humanity list, making it one of the few African cultural expressions accorded such recognition. This paper looks into the history of the dance, the material culture and the skills and know-how associated with the unique performance. Observations in this paper were inspired by the research carried out by the committee formed to prepare a nomination file for the Mbende dance to the UNESCO masterpieces list in 2003, of which I was a member.