Generation Mechanism of Collective Emotional Resonance: A Study on Group Emotions and Cultural Identity in Digital Exhibitions of Intangible Cultural Heritage Costumes

Digital technology transforms intangible cultural heritage (ICH) exhibition methods, fundamentally reshaping audiences emotional experiences and cultural identity processes. Based on Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) framework, this study constructs a conceptual model encompassing performance characteristics (stimulus), collective emotional responses (organism), and behavioral intention (response), with cultural identity as moderating variable. Through cross-sectional survey of 468 exhibition visitors, hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling, mediation and moderation analyses. Findings demonstrate that Presence, Embodied Interaction, and Historical Authenticity significantly influence Collective Emotional Arousal; Collective Emotional Arousal and Emotional Contagion promote Behavioral Intention; Cultural Identity moderates effects of Presence and Historical Authenticity. This research extends theoretical boundaries of emotion in virtual environments, providing guidance for transitioning from individual to collective experience design in human-computer interaction systems, cultural adaptability in cross-cultural interactions, and multi-dimensional digital performance frameworks.