Tourism practice, placeness reconstruction, and ethnic identity of Dong minority chorus: a case in Dong village, Zhaoxing, Guizhou.

Based on placeness theory, and taking the Zhaoxing Dong village of Guizhou as a case, this study discusses the interaction mechanism between Dong minority chorus tourism practices, placeness reconstruction, and ethnic identity. The following research questions are examined: How does tourism practice affect the placeness reconstruction of the Dong minority chorus? How does placeness reconstruction affect the identity of ethnic groups? The conclusions are as follows: First, the placeness of the Dong minority chorus continued its diachronic development, and it relies on stable structures based on the relationships between geography, blood, and the "Tuankuan" group in terms of landscape, lyrics, symbols, and emotions. In this case, the Dong minority chorus can still meet the spiritual needs beyond the material life of an ethnic group, and can bear an obvious harmonious relationship between the ground, family, and placeness of poetic significance. Second, synchronically, the dualistic contradiction between tourism and placeness reconstruction has been resolved by means of tolerance, reconciliation, and innovation. The placeness characteristics of the Dong minority chorus related to the Zhaoxing Dong minority chorus landscape are significantly represented, accepted, and recognized by tourists and other subjects. The government and enterprises organize residents to create an "authentic" life scene for tourists and "others" through community participation, obtaining the Drum Tower and Flower Bridge, which are related to the Zhaoxing Dong minority chorus. Through effective protection, placeness of the ethnic group is strengthened by tourism. Under the impetus of power, capital, and the market, Dong minority chorus has been transformed into an instrumental and rational tourism experience product; this has not been shown in long-term host guest interactions, this does not represent an obvious "deviance" phenomenon. But, in order to maintain its own cultural genes, through tolerance, reconciliation, and innovation to resolve the dual contradiction between tourism and the placeness, through continuous reflection and reconstruction, the Dong ethnic group s minority chorus has also attracted tourists. Furthermore, the traditional symbolic meanings of the Dong minority chorus have been extended. Third, during placeness reconstruction of the dual mechanism, the Dong minority chorus has changed the value cognition of the ethnic groups, emotional ownership, and selection behavior. The Dong ethnic group s placeness have blurred the boundaries of multiple ethnic identities, but the relationship between oneself and music has not undergone any complicated changes. "Cultural elites" are likelier to be recognized by ethnic groups than "tourist elites", and "singing" and "singing for profit"represent tolerance and coexistence. The essence of the ethnic groups identification with the Dong culture is the integration of its identity as the "other" with the place identity of tourists. The study theoretically extends the dynamic evolution of the human-land relationship in the interactive process of placeness reconstruction and provides practical guidance for the protection, inheritance, and development of intangible cultural heritage in ethnic tourism villages.