01782nas a2200241   4500000000100000000000100001000000100002008004100003260000800044653002300052653001900075653001200094653002200106653001400128100002300142700001900165245010900184856015400293300001200447490000700459520105400466022002001520       2019                            d  cjul10aecosystem services10aKilwa Kisiwani10akiswere10amaritime heritage10aMonuments1 aElgidius Ichumbaki1 aEdward Pollard00aValuing the Swahili Cultural Heritage: A Maritime Cultural Ecosystem Services Study from Kilwa, Tanzania  uhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85089456199&doi=10.1080%2f13505033.2020.1794344&partnerID=40&md5=276b1aaa5a8edc313a2fdbd2e99db298  a230-2550 v213 aDuring the second millennium CE, the medieval settlements of Kilwa in southeastern Tanzania were part of the Indian Ocean trading system that left a clear physical legacy of stone towns along with oral histories and sailing traditions. Modern developmental activities including exploration of oil and gas, house building, and establishment of tourism infrastructures have led to the reuse of heritage site, hence, an inevitable pressure upon heritage preservation. Unfortunately, despite being outdated and very colonial, legislations enacted to support protection of heritage sites are inadequately enforced. This paper looks at complementary conservation challenges by considering the value of medieval monuments and intangible heritage assets within the ecosystem services. We also provide some suggestions on how exploitation of non-material benefits in the form of Cultural Ecosystem Services from legends based on intertidal limestone features resembling boats and giants, as well as the venerated baobabs and mangroves can become sustainable.  a13505033 (ISSN)