TY - JOUR
KW - Mesozoic
KW - Mexico [North America]
KW - Queretaro
KW - apatite
KW - biotite
KW - Chemical composition
KW - dacite
KW - hornblende
KW - lava dome
KW - plagioclase
KW - pyroxene
KW - quartz
KW - sedimentary rock
KW - zircon
AU - Gerardo Aguirre-Diaz
AU - Alfredo Aguillon-Robles
AU - Margarito Tristan-Gonzalez
AU - Guillermo Labarthe-Hernandez
AU - Margarita Lopez-Martinez
AU - Herve Bellon
AU - Jorge Nieto-Obregon
AB - Peña de Bernal is a natural monument located near the town of Bernal, in Querétaro State, central Mexico. It is one of the tallest monoliths of the world, with a maximum height of 433 m. Peña de Bernal was recently declared Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity Patrimony by United Nations Educational, Scientifi c, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). In spite of being both a natural and cultural monument, little is known about its origin, physical characteristics, and chemical composition. It is a leucocratic-igneous rock intruding marine Mesozoic sedimentary rocks and has been misinterpreted as a pluton of Eocene or older age. However, this study shows that Peña de Bernal is a dacitic dome with SiO2 = 67 wt\% and an age of 8.7 ± 0.2 Ma. The complete Peña de Bernal body includes three plugs that crop out in an 3.5 × 1.5 km area elongated N40°E. Texture of the rock is porphyritic, nearly holocrystalline (80 vol\% crystals and 20 vol\% glass),with a mineral assemblage of pyroxene, hornblende, biotite, plagioclase, and quartz, plus accessory apatite and zircon. Peña de Bernal dacite is a spine-type endogenous dome that was forcefully intruded through the Mesozoic sequence practically as a solid plug.
DO - 10.1130/GES00843.1
M1 - 3
N2 - Peña de Bernal is a natural monument located near the town of Bernal, in Querétaro State, central Mexico. It is one of the tallest monoliths of the world, with a maximum height of 433 m. Peña de Bernal was recently declared Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity Patrimony by United Nations Educational, Scientifi c, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). In spite of being both a natural and cultural monument, little is known about its origin, physical characteristics, and chemical composition. It is a leucocratic-igneous rock intruding marine Mesozoic sedimentary rocks and has been misinterpreted as a pluton of Eocene or older age. However, this study shows that Peña de Bernal is a dacitic dome with SiO2 = 67 wt\% and an age of 8.7 ± 0.2 Ma. The complete Peña de Bernal body includes three plugs that crop out in an 3.5 × 1.5 km area elongated N40°E. Texture of the rock is porphyritic, nearly holocrystalline (80 vol\% crystals and 20 vol\% glass),with a mineral assemblage of pyroxene, hornblende, biotite, plagioclase, and quartz, plus accessory apatite and zircon. Peña de Bernal dacite is a spine-type endogenous dome that was forcefully intruded through the Mesozoic sequence practically as a solid plug.
SP - 557
EP - 571
TI - Geologic setting of the Pena de Bernal Natural Monument, Queretaro, Mexico: An endogenous volcanic dome
UR - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84878978067&doi=10.1130%2fGES00843.1&partnerID=40&md5=ebbd8a26b4257cdcbc38218a43f0c8d2
VL - 9
SN - 1553040X (ISSN)
ER -