02352nas a2200385   4500000000100000000000100001008004100002653001300043653002700056653001400083653001200097653001200109653002500121653001100146653001500157653001400172653001600186653001300202653001100215653002100226653001100247100002500258700002800283700003100311700003300342700002900375700001700404700002400421245010800445856014300553300001200696490000600708520123200714022002001946                                       d10aMesozoic10aMexico [North America]10aQueretaro10aapatite10abiotite10aChemical composition10adacite10ahornblende10alava dome10aplagioclase10apyroxene10aquartz10asedimentary rock10azircon1 aGerardo Aguirre-Diaz1 aAlfredo Aguillon-Robles1 aMargarito Tristan-Gonzalez1 aGuillermo Labarthe-Hernandez1 aMargarita Lopez-Martinez1 aHerve Bellon1 aJorge Nieto-Obregon00aGeologic setting of the Pena de Bernal Natural Monument, Queretaro, Mexico: An endogenous volcanic dome  uhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84878978067&doi=10.1130%2fGES00843.1&partnerID=40&md5=ebbd8a26b4257cdcbc38218a43f0c8d2  a557-5710 v93 aPeña de Bernal is a natural monument located near the town of Bernal, in Querétaro State, central Mexico. It is one of the tallest monoliths of the world, with a maximum height of 433 m. Peña de Bernal was recently declared Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity Patrimony by United Nations Educational, Scientifi c, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). In spite of being both a natural and cultural monument, little is known about its origin, physical characteristics, and chemical composition. It is a leucocratic-igneous rock intruding marine Mesozoic sedimentary rocks and has been misinterpreted as a pluton of Eocene or older age. However, this study shows that Peña de Bernal is a dacitic dome with SiO2 = 67 wt\% and an age of 8.7 ± 0.2 Ma. The complete Peña de Bernal body includes three plugs that crop out in an 3.5 × 1.5 km area elongated N40°E. Texture of the rock is porphyritic, nearly holocrystalline (80 vol\% crystals and 20 vol\% glass),with a mineral assemblage of pyroxene, hornblende, biotite, plagioclase, and quartz, plus accessory apatite and zircon. Peña de Bernal dacite is a spine-type endogenous dome that was forcefully intruded through the Mesozoic sequence practically as a solid plug.  a1553040X (ISSN)