03485nas a2200673   4500000000100000000000100001008004100002653001100043653002200054653002200076653001400098653002400112653002400136653000900160653001800169653002000187653001100207653001500218653002300233653001000256653001200266653002400278653002400302653001100326653001400337653002100351653002100372653001800393653001300411653002500424653001400449653001600463653001000479653001000489653001700499653001100516653001400527653003000541653001400571653002100585653001700606653002300623653001200646653001300658653001300671653000900684653001900693653001400712100002000726700002000746700001900766700002900785245008200814856015000896300001201046490000701058520172601065022002002791                                       d10aAgeing10aAlzheimer disease10aAlzheimer disease10acognition10aCognition Disorders10aCognitive functions10adiet10aMediterranean10ahealth behavior10aHumans10aLife Style10aMediterranean diet10aAging10aalcohol10aalcohol consumption10acardiovascular risk10acereal10acognition10acognitive defect10aconference paper10adairy product10aDementia10aenvironmental factor10afish meat10afood intake10afruit10ahuman10aInflammation10alegume10alifestyle10amild cognitive impairment10aOlive oil10aoxidative stress10apathogenesis10apatient compliance10apoultry10ared meat10ared wine10aRisk10ascoring system10avegetable1 aCatherine Feart1 aCecilia Samieri1 aBenjamin Alles1 aPascale Barberger-Gateau00aPotential benefits of adherence to the Mediterranean diet on cognitive health  uhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84872872264&doi=10.1017%2fS0029665112002959&partnerID=40&md5=caec07b0a03e5e68928ebe6b5a30845b  a140-1520 v723 aThe purpose of this review was to update available knowledge on the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MeDi) and cognitive decline, risk of dementia or Alzheimer s Disease (AD), and to analyse the reasons for some inconsistent results across studies. The traditional MeDi has been recognised by the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. This dietary pattern is characterised by a high consumption of plant foods (i.e. vegetables, fruits, legumes and cereals), a high intake of olive oil as the main source of fat, a moderate intake of fish, low-to-moderate intake of dairy products and low consumption of meat and poultry, with wine consumed in low-to-moderate amounts during meals. Beyond the well-known association between higher adherence to the MeDi and lower risk of mortality, in particular from CVD and cancer, new data from large epidemiological studies suggest a relationship between MeDi adherence and cognitive decline or risk of dementia. However, some inconsistent results have been found as well, even in Mediterranean countries. In this review, we analyse the reasons likely to explain these discrepancies, and propose that most of these differences are due to variations in the methodology used to assess MeDi adherence. We also discuss the possibility of residual confounding by lifestyle, that is, greater adherents to the MeDi also have a healthier lifestyle in general, which can favourably affect cognition. In conclusion, large-scale studies in various populations with common methodology are required before considering the MeDi as an optimal dietary strategy to prevent cognitive decline or dementia.  a00296651 (ISSN)