02703nas a2200469   4500000000100000000000100001008004100002653001600043653001600059653002200075653001400097653002000111653002400131653002400155653001000179653001900189653003400208653001900242653001300261653001400274653001900288653001900307653001000326653001600336653001300352653001900365653001900384653002300403653001900426653001800445653001500463100001700478700001600495700001600511700001500527245012800542856014500670300001200815490000700827520137900834022002002213                                       d10aAnti-mildew10aAspergillus10aAspergillus niger10aCellulose10aCellulose fiber10aChaetomium globosum10aChinese calligraphy10aFungi10aHydroxyapatite10aIntangible cultural heritages10aNanocomposites10aNanowire10aNanowires10aNatural Fibers10aNatural Fibers10aPaper10aPerformance10aSurfaces10aTextile Fibers10aTextile Fibers10aTrichoderma viride10aUnited Nations10aWeight ratios10aXuan paper1 aShao Yueting1 aZhu Yingjie1 aDong Liying1 aCai Anyong00aNanocomposite "Xuan Paper" Made from Ultralong Hydroxyapatite Nanowires and Cellulose Fibers and Its Anti-mildew Properties  uhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85100111359&doi=10.15541%2fjim20200087&partnerID=40&md5=ecd7cfbf9e4eae616ae2bff424147979  a107-1120 v363 aXuan paper is an indispensable carrier for Chinese calligraphy and painting works. It has won the reput¬ation of "the King of Paper" because of its superior durability and anti-mildew performance. Xuan paper was inscri¬bed on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by the Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization of the United Nations in 2009. In this study, we developed a new type of nanocomposite "Xuan paper" made from ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires and cellulose fibers with excellent anti-mildew performance. The whiteness of the as-prepared nanocomposite "Xuan paper" with HAP weight ratio of 25\% is 76.1\%, which is higher than that of the commercial unprocessed Xuan paper (71.9\%) or the commercial processed Xuan paper (70.3\%). The nanocomposite "Xuan paper" has superior performance in inhibiting the growth of three kinds of moulds (Chaetomium globosum, Trichoderma viride (long branch) and Aspergillus niger) compared with the blank control and commercial Xuan paper. During the incubation process, the mildew grows on the surface of the traditional Xuan paper, however, no obvious growth of mildew is observed on the surface of the nanocomposite "Xuan paper". It is expected that the nanocomposite "Xuan paper" is favorable for its long-term safe preservation and application in calligraphy and painting arts.  a1000324X (ISSN)